Cable and internet (Cable Network)

Cable Network

Cable Network (Cable Network), without the need for any telephone line and service provider, cable television network to connect to the computer through a cable modem is a system that allows the Internet to connect. This system uses the local cable television line to connect to the Internet at an average speed.

The download speed of the cable internet system is estimated to be 500 - 1000 kbit / s on average. On the other hand, the speed of uploading or uploading files is influenced by many factors and on average 128 - 500 kbit / s.
Since the connection provided by fiber optic and coaxial cables is not affected by the distance, there is no slowing of the Internet speed depending on the distance. It is also possible to send or upload files during the download process. Cable Internet system has symmetrical speed options similar to ADSL technology, as well as symmetrical speed options unlike ADSL. Since the distance in the connection does not pose a problem, there are no fluctuations in the speed of the Internet. Static IP address can be obtained and IP block support can be provided for corporate service.

Cable On the Internet, there is a fixed bandwidth provided by the coaxial cable, and this bandwidth is shared by users who use this system. Therefore, the connection speed may vary according to the number of persons connected at the same time. This enables the Internet exchange to benefit from the statistical multiplexing technique, which is used to equally allocate bandwidth. In addition to having to monitor usage patterns and scale the network, power plants must also ensure that users receive adequate service at maximum intervals of use of the Internet. Many service providers offer Internet access without connecting to any cable television infrastructure.

The actual bandwidth on any cable TV line is up to 27 Mbps and provides the user with 2.5 Mbps of bandwidth during downloading. However, the fact that the internet connection speed offered by some local providers is not higher than 1.5 Mbps called T-carrier System causes this data transfer rate to be generally limited to around 1.5 Mbps. Many cable modems limit downloading and data upload values at a certain rate and set adaptive limits to a certain value. These limits are stored in configuration files that are specified by the provider when the modem connects to the Internet for the first time and uploaded via TFTP (Common File Transfer Protocol).

Another advantage of the Internet connection over the telephone is that the Internet speeds are higher and the connection is continuous.
Two types of services are provided on the cable Internet. First, a cable connects to a modem and provides an Internet connection to any computer connected to that modem. Second, it provides an Internet connection directly to the television using an improved cable box. Both services are quite different from MSN TV, which requires connecting to the Internet with a phone or network connection to provide information.

Cable VoIP on the Internet (Voice over IP)

In addition to Voice over IP technology, cable modems have been used to provide telephone service. A VoIP user can access the telephone service using any third party program (Vonage, Skype, etc.). In order to use the VoIP service more efficiently, users can use two different IP addresses. Such use will allow the computer to connect to the Internet over one IP, while the other IP will be used by VoIP as a gateway. To enable this installation, the connection of the cable modem is terminated by a switch or hub. In this way, two different IPs can be assigned, one to the computer network router and the other to the voice gateway.

Cable Modem

A cable modem is a device that allows the computer to connect to a local cable TV connection and exchange data at a rate of around 1.5 Mbps. This connection speed is already much higher than that of telephone modems with a data transfer rate of 28.8 Kbps and 56 Kbps and integrated Digital Network Services (ISDN) with a 128 Kbps speed and is approximately equal to the DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) connection speed.
Cable modems are primarily used to transmit broadband Internet access in a similar manner to the cable Internet structure, utilizing the bandwidth of the cable television network. Cable modems also serve as a bridge between the user in the local area network (LAN) and the coaxial cable in the network. In the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model) reference model, the role of a cable modem is to act as a transmitter in the data link layer, the second of the OSI layers rather than the functions of an ordinary modem. Other layers have functional properties. In the network layer, the third layer of the OSI reference model, the cable modem acts as a server with its own IP address, which is used to manage and troubleshoot devices. In the fourth layer, which is a transport layer, the cable modem works in accordance with its IP address, allowing the operation of the User Datagram Protocol, filtering based on TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP. In the seventh layer of the OSI reference model known as application layer, cable modem provides fixed protocols such as DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), which are some of the protocols used for management and continuity.
A cable modem has two connections. The first is for the cable connecting the modem and the socket, the second for the cable connecting the computer.

Although the basic function of a cable modem is to switch between analog and digital signals like a telephone modem, it is much more complex than normal telephone modems. While it can be used externally, it can also be used as a computer integrated device. The cable modem is connected to the standard ethernet card on the computer.

All cable modems are connected to a switchboard of a cable company via a coaxial cable line and communicate with the Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) therein. Cable modems can only exchange signals with CMTS and cannot do this with other cable modems on the line. The maximum distance between the modem and the CMTS is 160 km for Internet connection via cable modem.